Introduction
Water is a vital substance that is essential for all forms of life on Earth. It covers about 71% of the Earth’s surface and is present in various forms such as rivers, lakes, oceans, and glaciers.
What is Water?
Water is a chemical compound made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, forming the chemical formula H2O. It is a tasteless, odorless, and transparent liquid that is crucial for the existence of life.
The Importance of Water
Water plays a crucial role in maintaining bodily functions, regulating body temperature, transporting nutrients, and removing waste products from the body. It is also essential for agriculture, industry, and energy production.
Examples of Water
- Drinking water: Essential for human survival
- Hydroelectric power: Generated by harnessing the energy of flowing water
- Irrigation: Critical for agriculture and food production
Case Studies
In regions where access to clean water is limited, communities suffer from waterborne diseases and lack of sanitation facilities. Water scarcity can lead to conflicts over water resources and impact biodiversity.
Statistics
According to the World Health Organization, approximately 2.2 billion people worldwide lack access to safely managed drinking water services. Water scarcity affects more than 40% of the global population, and by 2050, it is projected that at least one in four people will live in a country affected by chronic water shortages.
